G. S. Venkataraman
G. S Venkataraman | |
---|---|
Born | Gopalasamudram Saetharama Venkataraman 1 February 1930 Tenkasi, Tirunalveli district, Tamil Nadu, India |
Died | October 3, 1998(1998-10-03) (aged 68) |
Occupation(s) | Botanist Phycologist |
Years active | 1956–1998 |
Known for | Algology |
Parent(s) | G. R. Sitaraman Lokanayaki |
Awards | Padma Shri Alagappa Gold Medal VASVIK Industrial Research Award Sanjay Gandhi Award UGC National Lecturer Award Om Prakash Bhasin Award |
Gopalasamudram Sitaraman Venkataraman (1930–1998) was an Indian botanist,[1] academic and the director of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi.[2] He was also a director of the DBT Centre for Blue-Green Algae at Madurai Kamaraj University and a recipient of the VASVIK Industrial Research Award and Om Prakash Bhasin Award.[2] The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri in 1992.[3]
Biography
Venkataraman was born on 1 February 1930 to Lokanayaki and G. R. Sitaraman, a freedom fighter, at a small hamlet in Tirunelveli district by name, Tenkasi, in the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu.[citation needed] His early education was at the local village school after which he did his intermediate (higher secondary) from St. Xavier's College, Palayamkottai. At Alagappa Chettiar College, Karaikudi, where he joined for his graduate studies, he had the opportunity to learn under S. Doraisamy, an algologist and a protégé of M. O. P. Iyengar, a renowned phycologist.[4] His master's degree came from Banaras Hindu University and, on getting a Government of India fellowship, he pursued doctoral studies under the guidance of Y. Bharadwaja and secured a PhD and DSc from the same university.[4]
His career started as an Assistant Botanist at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute in 1956. With the guidance of M. S. Randhawa, then Vice-President of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, he established an algal research centre at the institute which is known to have conducted research on Algae and published several research papers and books on the subject.[4] Through his researches, he established the role of algae in agriculture as a nitrogen fixing agent which was accepted by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), among others. He also initiated master's and doctoral courses in Agricultural Phycology at the institute to foster research and for training manpower. Supported by a grant from the Department of Biotechnology, he also established a national facility for the collection and distribution of Blue-green algae (BGA) cultures.[4]
When the Department of Science and Technology initiated a national level project on Algae for fertilizer, feed and fuel in 1976, Venkataraman was selected to head the project as its director.[4] The project, which had state and central participation, is reported to have been successful in the dissemination knowledge on BGA bio-fertilizers among Indian farming community. His studies revealed the importance of rice strain selection as he maintained that different strains have differing ability and adaptability vis-à-vis soil conditions, resistance to pesticides and insensitivity to sources of nitrogen like nitrates and Ammonium. He demonstrated the transfer of fixed nitrogen from algae to rice plants using 15N.[4] He also developed a method for the in situ production of the BGA bio-fertilizer which he later improved by growing pure cultures of BGA on solid organic substrates, an achievement during his days at the School of Biological Sciences of Madurai Kamaraj University.[4]
Venkataraman's book, The Cultivation of Algae,[5] published by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) in 1969, is a monograph on the culture and cultivation of algae while the 1974 publication, Algae: form and function, and Vaucheriaceae,[6] deal with the scientific aspects of Algae.[7] Two other books, Algal biofertilizers and rice cultivation[8] and Blue-green algae for rice production : a manual for its promotion[9] detail the algal applications in agriculture and one of the books he edited, Plant protection in the year 2000 AD covers the papers and proceedings of the conference held at New Delhi in December 1984.[10] He was the editor of another book, Cyanobacterial biotechnology, a presentation of selected papers from the International Symposium on Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, held in Tiruchirappalli in September 1996.[11] He also published over 170 articles on the subject.[4]
Venkataraman served as the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Phycology and was a member of the editorial boards of Biological Wastes and MIRCEN Journal of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.[4] He was the Editor of the INSA scientific publications from 1983 to 1986 and a member of the sectional committee and the council of the Indian National Science Academy.[2] He was associated with the International Rice Research Institute as a member of its Policy Advisory Committee on Microbiological Nitrogen Fixation and was a director of the Indo-US Science and Technology Collaborative Programme in Agriculture.[4] He served as the visiting professor at Japan Agriculture Society and was a consultant to the Food and Agriculture Organization.
Venkataraman died on 3 October 1998, at the age of 68.[12]
Awards and honours
Venkitaraman's memoirs have been included in the 24th volume of Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Indian National Science Academy,[13] a compendium periodically published by the Indian National Science Academy, featuring its deceased and living fellows.[14] The Indian Academy of Sciences elected him as their fellow in 1974[12] and the Indian National Science Academy followed suit in 1984.[2] He was also an elected fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, India[15] and a fellow of the National Geographical Society and Phycological Society of India.[4] He received the VASVIK Industrial Research Award in 1978,[16] Sanjay Gandhi Award for Science and Technology, four years later and the National Lecturer Award of the University Grants Commission in 1986.[2] In 1988, he was awarded the Om Prakash Bhasin Award by the Om Prakash Bhasin Foundation for his contributions to Agriculture and Allied Sciences.[17] The Government of India included him in the 1992 Republic Day honours list for the civilian award of the Padma Shri.[3]
Venkataraman, who was a holder of Humboldt Research Fellowship, delivered several award lectures including the Professor Panchanan Maheshwari Memorial Award Lecture of the Indian National Science Academy.[2] He was also a recipient of the Alagappa Gold medal for his academic excellence from his alma mater, Alagappa Chettiyar College and the Australian Bicentennial International Medal in 1988 from Melbourne Poetry Society for his poem anthology, Reactions, published in 1986.[4] He was one of the 56 Tamil personalities covered in Arunthondu Aatriya Tamizhaga Andhanargal, a compilation of biographies, published in Tamil language.[18]
References
- ^ "Venkataraman, Gopalasamudram Sitaraman". Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries. 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
- ^ a b c d e f "Deceased Fellow". Indian National Science Academy. 2015. Archived from the original on 13 August 2016. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ a b "Padma Awards" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 October 2015. Retrieved 21 July 2015.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "G. S. Venkataraman – A tribute in memorium". Indian Institute of Science. 2015. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ G. S. Venkataraman (1969). The cultivation of algae. Indian Council of Agricultural Research. p. 319. OCLC 571889.
- ^ G. S. Venkataraman (1961). Vaucheriaceae. Indian Council of Agricultural Research. p. 112. OCLC 4478576.
- ^ G. S. Venkataraman (1974). Algae: form and function. Today & Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers. p. 562. OCLC 1346403.
- ^ G. S. Venkataraman (1972). Algal biofertilizers and rice cultivation. Today & Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers. p. 75. OCLC 2415473.
- ^ G. S. Venkataraman (1981). Blue-green algae for rice production : a manual for its promotion. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. p. 102. ISBN 9789251011072. OCLC 8248149.
- ^ G. S. Venkataraman (1986). Plant protection in the year 2000 AD. Indian National Science Academy. p. 218. OCLC 15115568.
- ^ G. Subramanian; B.D. Kaushik; G. S. Venkataraman (1998). Cyanobacterial biotechnology. Science Publishers. p. 372. ISBN 1578080355.
- ^ a b "IAS Fellow". Indian Academy of Sciences. 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
- ^ "Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Indian National Science Academy, Volume 24". Indian National Science Academy. 2004. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
- ^ "Publication". Indian National Science Academy. 2015. Archived from the original on 27 December 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
- ^ "NASI Fellow". National Academy of Sciences, India. 2015. Archived from the original on 28 May 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
- ^ "Agricultural Sciences & Technology". VASVIK. 2015. Archived from the original on 23 August 2017. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
- ^ "SHRI OM PRAKASH BHASIN AWARDS". OM PRAKASH BHASIN FOUNDATION. 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
- ^ Arunthondu Aatriya Tamizhaga Andhanargal. Tambras Foundation. 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
- v
- t
- e
- Kshitish Ranjan Chakravorty (1954)
- Habib Rahman (1955)
- Laxman Mahadeo Chitale (1957)
- Ram Prakash Gehlote (1957)
- Krishnaswami Ramiah (1957)
- Bal Raj Nijhawan (1958)
- Benjamin Peary Pal (1958)
- Navalpakkam Parthasarthy (1958)
- Surendranath Kar (1959)
- Om Prakash Mathur (1959)
- Homi Sethna (1959)
- Anil Kumar Das (1960)
- A. S. Rao (1960)
- M. G. K. Menon (1961)
- Brahm Prakash (1961)
- Man Mohan Suri (1961)
- Paramananda Acharya (1964)
- Vishnu Madav Ghatage (1965)
- Satish Dhawan (1966)
- Maganbhai Ramchhodbhai Patel (1967)
- Hermenegild Santapau (1967)
- M. S. Swaminathan (1967)
- Guduru Venkatachalam (1967)
- Raja Ramanna (1968)
- Nautam Bhatt (1969)
- Amrik Singh Cheema (1969)
- T. V. Mahalingam (1969)
- P. R. Pisharoty (1970)
- Moti Lal Dhar (1971)
- Zafar Futehally (1971)
- Devendra Lal (1971)
- Charles Correa (1972)
- N. Kesava Panikkar (1973)
- Govind Swarup (1973)
- Achyut Kanvinde (1974)
- Suchitra Mitra (1974)
- C. N. R. Rao (1974)
- Sitaram Rao Valluri (1974)
- Rajagopala Chidambaram (1975)
- Shambhu Dayal Sinvhal (1976)
- B. R. Deodhar (1976)
- B. V. Doshi (1976)
- Atmaram Bhairav Joshi (1976)
- Janaki Ammal (1977)
- Jugal Kishore Choudhury (1977)
- Prafulla Kumar Jena (1977)
- Vishwa Gopal Jhingran (1977)
- Sibte Hasan Zaidi (1977)
- Hari Krishan Jain (1981)
- Gurcharan Singh Kalkat (1981)
- Dinkar Gangadhar Kelkar (1981)
- Krishnaswamy Kasturirangan (1982)
- Satya Prakash (1982)
- V. Narayana Rao (1982)
- Saroj Raj Choudhury (1983)
- Hassan Nasiem Siddiquie (1983)
- María Renée Cura (1984)
- Vasant Gowarikar (1984)
- Pramod Kale (1984)
- Nilamber Pant (1984)
- Myneni Hariprasada Rao (1984)
- M. R. Srinivasan (1984)
- Predhiman Krishan Kaw (1985)
- P. V. S. Rao (1987)
- Ramadas P. Shenoy (1987)
- Saroj Ghose (1989)
- Palle Rama Rao (1989)
- Ram Narain Agarwal (1990)
- Laurie Baker (1990)
- M. R. Kurup (1990)
- Rakesh Bakshi (1991)
- B. L. Deekshatulu (1991)
- Narinder Kumar Gupta (1991)
- Shri Krishna Joshi (1991)
- Raghunath Anant Mashelkar (1991)
- Govindarajan Padmanaban (1991)
- Bangalore Puttaiya Radhakrishna (1991)
- A. V. Rama Rao (1991)
- Ganeshan Venkataraman (1991)
- Madhava Ashish (1992)
- G. S. Venkataraman (1992)
- Kailash Sankhala (1992)
- Vinod Prakash Sharma (1992)
- Joseph Allen Stein (1992)
- Manmohan Attavar (1998)
- Priyambada Mohanty Hejmadi (1998)
- Anil Kakodkar (1998)
- Aditya Narayan Purohit (1998)
- V. K. Saraswat (1998)
- Asis Datta (1999)
- Indira Nath (1999)
- M. S. Ramakumar (1999)
- M. V. Rao (1999)
- S. K. Sikka (1999)
- Vijay P. Bhatkar (2000)
- D. D. Bhawalkar (2000)
- Gurdev Khush (2000)
- Parasu Ram Mishra (2000)
- Sandip Kumar Basu (2001)
- Bisweswar Bhattacharjee (2001)
- V. K. Chaturvedi (2001)
- Ketayun Ardeshir Dinshaw (2001)
- Prem Shanker Goel (2001)
- Goverdhan Mehta (2001)
- C. G. Krishnadas Nair (2001)
- M. S. Raghunathan (2001)
- Sanjaya Rajaram (2001)
- T. V. Ramakrishnan (2001)
- Thirumalachari Ramasami (2001)
- Dasika Durga Prasada Rao (2001)
- Paul Ratnasamy (2001)
- Ashoke Sen (2001)
- Bikash Sinha (2001)
- Suhas Pandurang Sukhatme (2001)
- A. S. Arya (2002)
- Narayanaswamy Balakrishnan (2002)
- Padmanabhan Balaram (2002)
- Dorairajan Balasubramanian (2002)
- Ramanath Cowsik (2002)
- Chaitanyamoy Ganguly (2002)
- Kota Harinarayana (2002)
- Ashok Jhunjhunwala (2002)
- Amitav Malik (2002)
- Katuru Narayana (2002)
- A. Sivathanu Pillai (2002)
- I. V. Subba Rao (2002)
- B. N. Suresh (2002)
- Asok Kumar Barua (2003)
- Shivram Bhoje (2003)
- Jai Bhagwan Chaudhary (2003)
- Sarvagya Singh Katiyar (2003)
- Gyan Chandra Mishra (2003)
- Jai Pal Mittal (2003)
- Sundaram Ramakrishnan (2003)
- Baburao Govindrao Shirke (2003)
- Mahendra Singh Sodha (2003)
- Nagarajan Vedachalam (2003)
- Satish Kumar Kaura (2004)
- Nalini Ranjan Mohanty (2004)
- T. S. Prahlad (2004)
- Vishweshwaraiah Prakash (2004)
- K. N. Shankara (2004)
- Lalji Singh (2004)
- Rajpal Singh Sirohi (2004)
- M. Vijayan (2004)
- Dipankar Banerjee (2005)
- Srikumar Banerjee (2005)
- Banwari Lal Chouksey (2005)
- Bhagavatula Dattaguru (2005)
- Vasudevan Gnana Gandhi (2005)
- Madhu Sudan Kanungo (2005)
- M. Mahadevappa (2005)
- Ramachandran Balasubramanian (2006)
- Harsh Gupta (2006)
- Seyed E. Hasnain (2006)
- Narendra Kumar (2006)
- B. V. Nimbkar (2006)
- Swaminathan Sivaram (2006)
- Thekkethil Kochandy Alex (2007)
- Rabi Narayan Bastia (2007)
- Dilip K. Biswas (2007)
- Ananda Mohan Chakrabarty (2007)
- Kiran Karnik (2007)
- Thanu Padmanabhan (2007)
- Baldev Raj (2007)
- Sudhir Kumar Sopory (2007)
- Khadg Singh Valdiya (2007)
- Kasturi Lal Chopra (2008)
- Joseph H. Hulse (2008)
- Bhavarlal Jain (2008)
- Kaleem Ullah Khan (2008)
- Sant Singh Virmani (2008)
- Pramod Tandon (2009)
- Goriparthi Narasimha Raju Yadav (2009)
- Vijay Prasad Dimri (2010)
- Pucadyil Ittoop John (2010)
- Palpu Pushpangadan (2010)
- M. R. S. Rao (2010)
- Vijayalakshmi Ravindranath (2010)
- Ponisseril Somasundaran (2010)
- M. Annamalai (2011)
- Moni Lal Bhoumik (2011)
- Coimbatore Narayana Rao Raghavendran (2011)
- Suman Sahai (2011)
- G. Shankar (2011)
- E. A. Siddiq (2011)
- Subra Suresh (2011)
- V. Adimurthy (2012)
- Rameshwar Nath Koul Bamezai (2012)
- Krishna Lal Chadha (2012)
- Virander Singh Chauhan (2012)
- Y. S. Rajan (2012)
- Jagadish Shukla (2012)
- Vijaypal Singh (2012)
- Lokesh Kumar Singhal (2012)
- Manindra Agrawal (2013)
- Mustansir Barma (2013)
- Avinash Chander (2013)
- Sanjay Govind Dhande (2013)
- Jayaraman Gowrishankar (2013)
- Sharad P. Kale (2013)
- Sankar Kumar Pal (2013)
- Deepak B. Phatak (2013)
- Mudundi Ramakrishna Raju (2013)
- Ajay K. Sood (2013)
- K. VijayRaghavan (2013)
- Sekhar Basu (2014)
- Madhavan Chandradathan (2014)
- Jayanta Kumar Ghosh (2014)
- Ravi Grover (2014)
- Ramakrishna V. Hosur (2014)
- E. D. Jemmis (2014)
- A. S. Kiran Kumar (2014)
- Ajay Kumar Parida (2014)
- M. Y. S. Prasad (2014)
- Brahma Singh (2014)
- Vinod K. Singh (2014)
- Govindan Sundararajan (2014)
- Subbiah Arunan (2015)
- Jacques Blamont (2015)
- N. Prabhakar (2015)
- Prahlada (2015)
- S. K. Shivakumar (2015)
- Mylswamy Annadurai (2016)
- Dipankar Chatterji (2016)
- Satish Kumar (2016)
- Onkar Nath Srivastava (2016)
- Veena Tandon (2016)
- G. D. Yadav (2016)
- Jitendra Nath Goswami (2017)
- Chintakindi Mallesham (2017)
- Amitava Roy (2018)
- Vikram Chandra Thakur (2018)
- Rajagopalan Vasudevan (2018)
- Manas Bihari Verma (2018)
- Uddhab Bharali (2019)
- Baldev Singh Dhillon (2019)
- Rohini Godbole (2019)
- Subhash Kak (2019)
- Raman Gangakhedkar (2020)
- Sujoy K. Guha (2020)
- K. S. Manilal (2020)
- Vashishtha Narayan Singh (2020)
- Thalappil Pradeep (2020)
- H. C. Verma (2020)
- Sudhir K. Jain (2020)
- Rattan Lal (2021)
- Subbanna Ayyappan (2022)
- Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay (2022)
- Aditya Prasad Dash (2022)
- Moti Lal Madan (2022)
- Anil K. Rajvanshi (2022)
- Ajay Kumar Sonkar (2022)
- Jyantkumar Maganlal Vyas (2022)
- Khadar Valli Dudekula (2023)
- Modadugu Vijay Gupta (2023)
- Ganesh Nagappa Krishnarajanagara (2023)
- Arvind Kumar (2023)
- Mahendra Pal (2023)
- Bakshi Ram (2023)
- Sujatha Ramdorai (2023)
- Abbareddy Nageswara Rao (2023)